# Or, or not

def or_contains(a, b):
    return True in (a, b)

def or_add(a, b):
    return (a + b) >= 1

def or_cond(a, b):
    return True if b else a

# Generator expressions

bugg = 'University of California Berkeley Undergraduate Graphics Group'

def iscap(s):
    return len(s) > 0 and s[0].isupper()

def acronym_gen(name):
    """Return a tuple of the letters that form the acronym for name.

    >>> acronym_gen('University of California Berkeley')
    ('U', 'C', 'B')
    """
    return tuple(w[0] for w in name.split() if iscap(w))

# List mutation

suits = ['coin', 'string', 'myriad']  # A list literal
suits.pop()             # Removes and returns the final element
suits.remove('string')  # Removes the first element that equals the argument
suits.append('cup')              # Add an element to the end
suits.extend(['sword', 'club'])  # Add all elements of a list to the end
suits[2] = 'spade'  # Replace an element
suits
suits[0:2] = ['heart', 'diamond']  # Replace a slice

# Identity and equality

suits = ['heart', 'diamond']
s = suits
t = list(suits)
suits += ['spade', 'club']
t[0] = suits
print(t)
suits.append('Joker')
print(t)
t[0].pop()
print(s)

# Dictionaries

numerals = {'I': 1.0, 'V': 5, 'X': 10}
numerals['X']
numerals['I'] = 1
numerals['L'] = 50
numerals
sum(numerals.values())
dict([(3, 9), (4, 16), (5, 25)])
numerals.get('A', 0)
numerals.get('V', 0)
{x: x*x for x in range(3,6)}

# {[1]: 2}
# {1: [2]}
# {([1], 2): 3}
# {tuple([1, 2]): 3}